How I'm Using Coffee Enemas to Reduce Fatigue, Brain Fog and Pain
When one of my fibro friends tried coffee enemas last year, I thought she was crazy. I don't even drink coffee, and I had no intention of sticking it up my butt. But after living with unresolved pain and fatigue for years, I've gotten to the point where I'll try most anything to feel better. When my new Lyme fibromyalgia doctor recommended coffee enemas as part of my treatment plan, I gulped hard, went home and ordered an enema kit and a bag of organic coffee from Amazon.
Walgreens' Secret Checklist for Pain Meds
An investigation by an Indianapolis television station has uncovered new details about a secret checklist used by Walgreens' pharmacists to screen prescriptions for opioid pain medicines. The mandatory checklist has been in place for several months and has led to many delays or outright denials in getting prescriptions for painkillers filled.
The Skeletal System: Bones Of The Skull
The skull is a complex structure. There are 8 cranial bones and 14 facial bones in the skull. From the anterior view most of the facial bones can be seen and some of the cranial bones are visible too. The bone that makes up the forehead and extends beyond the eyebrows is the frontal bone. This bone forms the upper rim of the orbit, which is a socket that encloses the eye. In the back of the orbit is the sphenoid bone and the lateral walls of the orbit are composed of the zygomatic bones.
Top 25 Cruise Ship Nursing Blogs
When many people think about nursing, they picture hospitals and clinics. However, these are not the only places where nurses are in demand. In fact, the field of travel nursing is becoming more popular as nurses realize that they can receive pay for traveling. And one of the ways that you can get into travel nursing is to be a nurse on a cruise ship. Cruise ships have great need for nursing professionals who can help out when passengers fall sick, or experience some types of injury.
Durian Fruit for Infertility: How It Helps You Conceive?
Durian fruit, also known as the King of Fruits in Southeast Asia is a popular fruit that is in high demand all around the world. It is marked for its unique characteristics its large size, thorn-covered husk, strong odour and delicious taste. This exotic fruit is native to Indonesia and Malaysia but it is cultivated in India, Sri Lanka, Vietnam and various other Asian countries.
Structure of Cellulose and Hemicellulose
Plant cell walls consist mainly of cellulose , hemicellulose and lignin. Cellulose is alinear polymer of glucose linked by P-1,4-glycosidic bonds, having a simple primary and complex tertiary structures. The repeating unit of cellulose is cellobiose. The degree of polymerization DP number of glucose residues per cellulose chain varies from 500 to 14,000.
Regions of the Abdominal Wall
To accurately describe the locations of visible abnormalities, masses, and pain in a typical clinical write-up, the anterolateral abdomen is divided into nine regions by four imaginary planes two verticals midclavicular midinguinal and two horizontal transpyloric intertu-bercular planes Fig. 1.1 . The transpyloric plane corresponds to the midpoint between the umbilicus and xiphoid process, crossing the pylorus of the stomach at the lower border of the first lumbar vertebra.
The Scope of Anatomy and Physiology
Anatomy is the study of structure, and physiology is the study of function. These approaches are complementary and never entirely separable. When we study a structure, we want to know, What does it do Physiology lends meaning to anatomy and, conversely, anatomy is what makes physiology possible. This unity of form and function is an important point to bear in mind as you study the body.
50 Excellent RN and Nursing Groups on Facebook
Facebook offers many opportunities for nurses and RNs to join groups for work-related support, for organizing and for peer-based support. This list of 50 excellent RN and nursing groups found on Facebook are but a fraction of the total number of groups you can join to further your career or your interests. While most of the groups listed below are public and you can view them when you are not logged into Facebook, a few require requests and cannot be viewed unless you are a Facebook member.
7 Important Supplements in Pregnancy
Pregnant and lactating women are always recommended to consume a healthy and nutritious diet. The reason behind this suggestion is simple. A healthy and varied diet provides most of the vitamins and minerals that a woman requires during pregnancy. But, the body may need some of the vitamins and minerals in higher quantity during pregnancy as the growing baby absorbs most of the nourishment from the mother.
How did the eponym Alzheimers disease come into being
In the autumn of 1903, Alois Alzheimer left Frankfurt. Following a short stay in Heidelberg, he moved to Munich to continue his scientific and medical activities at the Royal Psychiatric Clinic under director Emil Kraepelin. After Auguste D. died on April 8, 1906, Alzheimer asked that the record and the brain be sent to Munich. He immediately did a report on the admission formulas used in Munich at this time and wrote a full-page epicrisis. After this he made an entry to the autopsy book of the...
Alzheimers case report
A full transcription of Alzheimer's questions and Auguste D.'s answers appears in previous publications as well as in a biography of Alzheimer (Maurer and Maurer 1998), and will not be printed here in their entirety. Alzheimer's notes in the file begin on November 26,1901. He asked very simple questions and wrote down the dialogues systematically. His questioning continues on four handwritten pages, dated through November 30,1901 (Fig. 9). Fig. 8. Portrait of Auguste D. aged 51 Fig. 8. Portrait...
The Discovery of Amyloid
Glenner died too young in 1995 due to complications of cardiac amy-loidosis. If he had survived, perhaps he and I would be writing this story together. Instead it will only be my personal recollections of the work we did in 1982-85 that led us to the discovery of the Alzheimer's disease beta protein, Glenner and Wong 1984a now also known as A-beta and beta-A amyloid. My introduction to George Glenner was in 1982, when I interviewed for a job in his new laboratory at the University...
Concerning a unique disease of the cerebral cortex
A. reports a case which he observed in the Mental Asylum in Frankfurt a.M. and whose central nervous system was given to him for study by the director Mr. Sioli. Clinically, this case presented an unusual picture that did not fit any known disease, while anatomically it demonstrated a finding that was distinct from other known disease processes. A 51 year old woman showed as her first obvious symptom j ealousy concerning her husband. Soon a very rapidly progressive impairment of memory became...
Alzheimer joins Kraepelin
In 1903, after 14 years in Frankfurt, Alzheimer left the Frankfurt institution. Emil Kraepelin Fig. 4 , one of the most influential psychiatrists of his time, had offered him a position as scientific assistant at his clinic in Heidelberg. Alzheimer's close friend, Franz Nissl, who had previously also moved to Heidelberg, persuaded Alzheimer to join them. Alzheimer's stay in Heidelberg, however, was to be short. Only six months after he had taken up his new position, in the autumn of 1903,...
The Frankfurt Institution of the Mentally Ill and Epileptics
After his studies, Alzheimer spent five months as a personal physician to a wealthy mentally ill lady. This assignment stimulated his interest in psychiatry. And thus, in 1888, he applied for a position at the Municipal Institution for the Mentally Ill and Epileptics in Frankfurt (am Main), Germany. Despite not being one of the hubs of neuroscience research at the time, Frankfurt's psychiatric institution was an innovative work place. Its founder, Heinrich Hoffmann - today better remembered for...
Hormone Imbalance Theory
Coordination of an animal's physiology is the job of the endocrine system. This system consists of a command center located in a part of the brain called the hypothalamus a master endocrine gland called the pituitary, which is connected directly to the hypothalamus and a variety of secondary endocrine glands located in various parts of the body. The hypothalamus controls the pituitary by releasing hormone messengers that pass directly to the gland, where they stimulate or inhibit the release of...
Vertical dimension
This dimension gives some indication of the degree of overbite. The vertical dimension is usually measured in terms of facial height and the shorter the anterior facial height the more likely it is that the patient will have a deep over-bite. Conversely the longer the facial height the more the patient is likely to have an anterior open bite. Deep overbites associated with a short anterior facial height and open bites with long face heights are difficult to correct with orthodontics alone. The...
Master Virus Bank
A master virus bank (MVB) consists of a well-characterized stock of virus-based vector that serves as the inoculum for all subsequent large-scale vector production. It is sometimes referred to as a vector seed stock. Table III gives a summary of the types of characterization recommended by the FDA. Safety testing for a master virus bank is very similar to that done for a master cell bank. Thus a master virus bank is tested for sterility and mycoplasma, in vitro and in vivo adventitious virus,...
Disorders Of Thought Possession
Disorders of thought possession in schizophrenia are sometimes called thought alienation. The patient has the experience that his thoughts are under the control of an outside agency or that others are participating in his thinking. Thought insertion The patient believes that thoughts that are not his own are being put into his mind by an external agency. Thought withdrawal The patient believes that thoughts are being removed from his mind by an external agency. Thought broadcasting The patient...
The accessory glands
The accessory glands are a series of four glands sometimes reduced to three with the omission of the ampulla responsible for the production and secretion of the majority of the fluid component of semen, termed seminal plasma. Different glands are responsible for the secretion of different fractions or jets. The epididymis of the testis is the other minor contributor to seminal plasma. The accessory glands are situated between the end of the vas deferens and the root of the penis Fig. 3.9 ....
Cells of Erythropoiesis Fig 4af
The proerythroblasts, called also pronormoblasts or rubriblasts, are the earliest precursors of erythropoiesis. They range from 15 to 22 im in size and do not yet contain hemoglobin. They typically have a darkly basophilic, often shadowy cytoplasm that sometimes shows pseu-dopodia. The nucleus has a dense, finely honeycombed chromatin structure Fig. 4 a - c . Most proerythroblasts have several at most five indistinct pale blue nucleoli, which disappear as the cell matures. Like all...
Renal Tubular Phosphate Reabsorption
Renal tubular reabsorption of phosphorus. Most of the inorganic phosphorus in serum is ultrafilterable at the level of the glomerulus. At physiologic levels of serum phosphorus and during a normal dietary phosphorus intake, most of the filtered phosphorous is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) and proximal straight tubule (PST). A significant amount of filtered phosphorus is also reabsorbed in distal segments of the nephron 7,9,10 . CCT cortical collecting tubule IMCD inner...
Cardiovascular System
There is great diversity in the organization of the cardiovascular system in fishes. For in depth descriptions of the fish cardiovascular systems, readers are referred to the recent publications by Farrell and Jones 1992 , Bushnell et al. Fig. 10.4. and Opposite a Diagram showing the branching of the four afferent branchial arteries off the ventral aorta in a teleost adapted from Romer and Parsons, 1986 . b Representation of the association of the coronary artery to the ventricle and the bulbus...
Gastrointestinal Absorption of Magnesium
Gastrointestinal absorption of dietary magnesium (Mg) Gastrointestinal absorption of dietary magnesium (Mg) *Normal dietary Mg intake 300 mg (12.5 mmol) per day *Normal dietary Mg intake 300 mg (12.5 mmol) per day Gastrointestinal absorption of dietary intake of magnesium (Mg). The normal adult dietary intake of Mg is 300 to 360 mg d (12.5-15 mmol d). A Mg intake of about 3.6 mg kg d is necessary to maintain Mg balance. Foods high in Mg content include green leafy vegetables (rich in...
Annette Funicello Dies of MS at Age
Annette Funicello 1942-2013(C) Disney Actress Annette Funicello, who rose to fame on The Mickey Mouse Club and a string of popular beach movies, passed away Monday at a hospital in Bakersfield, CA. She died of complications from multiple sclerosis (MS), a disease she battled for over 25 years. Funicello became a pop culture icon in the 1950's and 60's, known for her good cheer and wholesome image.
Milk and milkproduct extenders
Table 7.4 gives examples of some of the extenders based on milk and milk products that are in use today. These extenders include non-fat dried skimmed milk-glucose extender (NFDSMG) or Kenney, one of the most popular diluents used in the UK (Kenney et al., 1975), along with E-Z Mixin, which is very similar in composition but is more popular in the USA. Both are classified as NFDSMG extenders and are commonly used for extending semen prior to storage, but also for evaluation, as they are...
Extenders for use with chilled semen
Details of the types of extenders that are used have been given earlier in this chapter. Some work has been carried out to investigate the relative efficacy of different extenders for use specifically with stored chilled semen. A similar advantage in the use of NFDSMG extender over other common extenders is evident with cooled semen as with fresh semen (Francl et al., 1987). Comparisons between skimmed milk and NFDSMG extenders supported this apparent superiority of NFDSMG, with motility rates...
Overview Of The Nervous System
The body must react to the external environment and the internal environment and communicate information between regions of the body. This job is primarily the task of the nervous system. Proper response to the external environment is critical for thermal regulation, response to threats, taking advantage of opportunities such as food availability, and a host of other stimuli. Response to the internal environment is important for sensing muscle tension, digestive processes, maintenance of blood...
Eyes Fused Midline
Another example of the median cleft syndrome with a normal karyotype and a head ultrasound showing holoprosencephaly. The close-up view shows clefting of the alveolar ridge which is also seen in this syndrome. Holoprosencephaly results from maldevelopment of the forebrain prosencephalon . It may occur as an alobar type in which there is a horseshoe-shaped single ventricle a semilobar type in which there is partial differentiation of the ventricles, especially at the...
Somatic Reflexes
When you have completed this section, you should be able to define reflex and explain how reflexes differ from other motor actions describe the general components of a typical reflex arc and explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function. Most of us have had our reflexes tested with a little rubber hammer a tap near the knee produces an uncontrollable jerk of the leg, for example. In this section, we discuss what reflexes are and how they are produced by an assembly of receptors,...
Sweat Glands
Sweat glands, or sudoriferous28 soo-dor-IF-er-us glands, are of two kinds, described in chapter 5 merocrine and apocrine. Merocrine eccrine sweat glands, the most numerous glands of the skin, produce watery perspiration that serves primarily to cool the body fig. 6.11a . There are 3 to 4 million merocrine sweat glands in the adult skin, Saladin Anatomy amp I 6. The Integumentary I Text I I The McGraw-Hill Physiology The Unity of System Companies, 2003 Form and Function, Third Edition with a...
My Toxinout Review
Get Toxinout for A Discount Toxinout is a new product developed by Dr. Natura, the same folks who made the Colonix Kit. You are probably wondering whether Toxinout and Colonix is worth buying or not. Since so many people ask me this question, I decided to write a review of the Toxinout Colonix Program. Toxinout is usually used to cleanse the liver, which is one of the most important organs in the body. It is responsible for removing toxins, and thinning the blood.
Dr.Natura Review
Start Colon Cleansing with Colonix If you're reading this review, you are probably suffering from some health problem. Maybe it's constipation, acne, IBS, candida albicans, or obesity. Whatever it is, you probably visited doctor after doctor with no result. I was at the same path as you many years ago. I was suffering from so many problems. First off, I had severe constipation problems - I would go days and days without having having a bowel movement.
Best Place to Buy Colonix ?
Buy Colonix For A Discount Dr.Natura Colonix is a complete cleansing system, but where exactly is the best place to get it We investigated many places, and alternatives and found out the best place to get it is through their official website drnatura.com Why is this the best place to buy Dr Natura Colonix 1. 60-day Money Back Guarantee This means 0 risk. If it doesn't work for you, they simply give you your money back. Some of my friends thought Dr Natura Colonix just wasn't for them.
Any Possible Dangers of Colonix?
Dangers of ColonixDr Natura Colonix is a colon cleanser that is arguably the most popular product in the market right now. Most people buy the entire kit program which consists of the Colonix intestinal cleanser, Para-Nil (A parasite cleanser), and KleriTea to promote healthy bowel movements. I, as well as others who help me run this site have tried Colonix in their bowel cleansing regimen. You can read my Colonix review here.
Does Colonix Cleanser Work?
Start Colon Cleansing with Colonix If you are reading this article, you are probably wondering that Does the Colonix Cleanser work Since many people have asked me this question when choosing a colon cleanser, I decided to write a review on my opinion of Colonix. For starters, in my life I really never had any real constipation issues. I regularly have a bowel movement every single day, even though I experience some occasional bloating once in awhile.
Dr Natura Colonix Testimonials
Start Colon Cleansing with Colonix If you bumped to this page, you probably are wondering whether you should try Dr.Natura Colonix, or whether it's a waste of money. Well, since so many people requested it, I compiled a page of testimonials. Here are some people's experiences with the DrNatura Colonix Program. Dr Natura Colonix Review Ok, so I have been taking Toxinout and Colonix (as well as their DetoxiGreen Flora Protect supplements) for more than 2 months.
DrNatura Colonix
The Colonix program is a 3-part all-natural system for colon cleansing and improving intestinal health, function, and tone. It is designed to be an easy to use product while also working to accomplish several goals. These goals include helping the body to get rid of intestinal parasites, helping normal bowel movements, supporting a restful sleeping pattern, helping to remove toxic fecal buildup, and increasing intestinal tone and health.
What You Should Know About DrNatura
Start Colon Cleansing with Colonix If you found this page, you are probably asking yourself Is DrNatura.com, makers of the Colonix Program the answer to my health problems Will colon cleansing help put an end to my acne, or my constipation, or IBS, candida, or sluggishness IntroductionI tried the Dr Natura Colonix Program more than a couple of years ago, and want to share my story about my experience. I first learned about DrNatura.com from a friend of mine, who tried the program before.
Doing a Parasite Cleanse
Parasites Why do I need to cleanse my body of parasites I don't have them, right Well, everyone seems to think parasites are things they don't have, but other people do have. You may or may not have them, but up to 50 of the human population have parasites according to some recent research. These include pinworms, round-worms, and other harmful intestinal organisms that live inside your body. You can get parasites through a variety of ways, such as through the food or water you consume.
Want to Buy Colonix?
Order The Colonix Program So, you're interested in getting the Colonix Program. But where exactly is the best place to buy it Ebay Shopzilla My local health store DrNatura.com If you're looking to get the best price on Colonix, I highly recommend checking out the below link, which offers the best price for the entire colon cleansing program. Here are the pricing details - 1 Month Supply for 88.00, 3 Months for 189.
Colonix Program Testimonials
Several of my visitors have been kind to send me their testimonials and reviews of DrNatura Colonix Program. The reviews have been mixed, but for the most part they are positive. I, myself have tried Colonix and have okay results with it.From Jessica Johnson I decided to buy the entire Colonix kit (with Parasite cleanser). It's just my second week and By Golly, I have not crapped this much in my entire life. I crapped so much I had to cut back on the amount of Colonix I was taking.
Beckwith Wiedemann Syndrome
Transverse earlobe creases are a feature of some syndromes as in this infant with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Figure 1.140. This otherwise normal infant had bilateral cleft ear lobes. This occurs as a result of incomplete fusion between the most medial embryonic hillocks. Figure 1.140. This otherwise normal infant had bilateral cleft ear lobes. This occurs as a result of incomplete fusion between the most medial embryonic hillocks. Figure 1.139. Transverse earlobe creases are a...
Klippel Feil Syndrome Infant
This composite figure of the same infant as in Figure 3.60 shows the abnormalities of the ears with preauricular tags and epibulbar dermoids. Figure 3.61. This composite figure of the same infant as in Figure 3.60 shows the abnormalities of the ears with preauricular tags and epibulbar dermoids. Figure 3.62. Another infant with Goldenhar's syndrome showing the lateral facial cleft, abnormal ear, preauricular skin tag, and abnormal skin from the corner of the mouth to the ear due to...
Golden Har Sydrome In Babies
In this figure of the same infant, note the contractures of the toes. Talipes equinovarus may be present. Figure 3.57. In this figure of the same infant, note the contractures of the toes. Talipes equinovarus may be present. Figure 3.58. Goldenhar's syndrome facio-auriculovertebral spectrum oculoauriculoverte-bral dysplasia is associated with abnormalities of the first and second branchial arches. This infant shows the antimongoloid slant, bilateral macrostomia, and skin tags. Over...
Colon Cleasing Product Reviews
OxypowderGrade ExcellentOxypowder is the primary colon cleansing product I regularly use. I use it in place of Psyllium Husks and Bentonite Clay simply because it works in eliminating all the mucuous from my intestines. P&B shakes are still a viable method of colon cleansing, but it doesn't completely remove all the fecal matter from the deeper and harder-to-reach parts of your colon, but Oxypowder does.
Colonix Internal Cleansing Program
I have been using colonix for about 8 years now and it is an amazing product. I had suffered from a list of medical problems, one of them was constipation. I had used other products that you could get at the time and nothing worked until a friend of mine gave me my first colonix program. It was easy to incorporate as a daily routine and very gentle. It did take awhile for the herbs to start working effectively and I did experience a light headache for a few days, but nothing serious.
Colonix FAQ
Colonix FAQWe all have probably heard about Colonix - it's arguably the most popular colon cleansing product out there. Because a lot of my visitors have send me various questions regarding the use of Colonix such as how frequently they should use it, is it safe, etc. I decided to create a FAQ. Enjoy 1. How does Colonix work in cleansing the colon Colonix is a fiber cleanser that cleanses our bowels by keeping stuff moving.
Best Colon Cleanser
This article consists of just Part I How can we find the best colon cleanser for ourselves There are so many commercial colon cleansers in the market right now, and sometimes it can be difficult to find the best colon cleanser. We can't trust those so-called testimonials from infomercials and website. In addition, someone else's favorite colon cleanser might not work for another person, as we are all different.
Review of Dr. Natura
Get Colonix For A Discount If you're reading this review, you probably want answers to the questions Is Colonix Safe Does Colonix really work And where to buy Colonix I bought the Colonix program more than 2 years ago, and tried it as part of a cleansing regimen. Colonix comes with a colon cleanser, a digestive tea in KleriTea, as well as a parasite cleanser in Paranil (one of the best parasite cleansers). Is Colonix Safe Many people have reservations on the possible side effects of the Dr.
Colonix Review
This Colonix Cleanse review consists of just Part I Colonix is relatively well-known colon cleansing product produced by DrNatura that has been in the market for awhile. I have used Colonix personally, as well as many of my friends. In fact, Colonix was the second colon cleanser I tried, after Oxy-Powder. I decided to write a Colonix review to give you guys an objective viewpoint discussing the positives and negatives of Colonix.
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Buy Cheap Colonix Here When compared to other cleansing program, the Colonix Program is quite expensive and pricey. A 1 month supply costs 88, but the more you buy, the more money you save. But where is the best place to get Colonix for cheap Why You Should Order From DrNatura.com- They offer discounts for 2 and 3 month supplies If you order in bulk from other places such as Amazon, you won't get this discount. If you order a 3 month supply, ultimately you are saving 75.00 in total price.
Effects of Statins on Vascular Elasticity
Determinant of Vascular Elasticity and Compliance Vascular elasticity or compliance or stiffness is a major determinant of vascular resistance. The elasticity is determined by all components of the vessel wall, including the endothelium, SMCs, and the interstitium composed primarily of fibroblasts. Table 2. Evidence for blood pressure-lowering effect of statins Table 2. Evidence for blood pressure-lowering effect of statins Fluvastatin lowered blood pressure by 8-16 mm Hg Patients with...
Stem cells of the adult liver
Unlike rapidly renewing epithelial tissues such as the intestinal mucosa or epidermis , in which an active stem cell lineage system continually initiates replacement of differentiated cells that are shed 4,5 , the liver is normally a quiescent organ with minimal or slow rates of cell turnover in the adult 51 . Nonetheless, the liver possesses an extraordinary capacity for the regeneration of tissue mass following loss of normal hepatocyte numbers because of partial tissue loss surgical...
Brown Vaginal Discharge: Top 13 Causes & What To Do
Vaginal discharge between the menstrual cycles is a natural process of flushing out the dead skin cells and bacteria from the vagina. The color and consistency of the discharge may vary depending on the hormone secretion (1). But seeing a brown discharge can be quite alarming. In most of the cases, brown discharge is considered pretty normal but in some cases it can be a sign of underlying issue.
When Does Implantation Occur After Ovulation?
When does implantation occur after ovulation This is one of the common questions asked by couples trying for pregnancy. In most of the cases, implantation symptoms are not clearly noticeable. You have to be very concentrating in order to observe those changes in the body. Women who have been trying to get pregnant become anxious about finding out about the conception before a missed period or taking a pregnancy test.
12 Possible Signs Of Implantation That You Need To Know
Couples who are trying to get pregnant eagerly look out for implantation signs every month. Implantation is first sign of pregnancy even before a missed period. But have you been wondering what you are experiencing is exactly a sign of implantation or something else Sometimes, the signs you are thinking as implantation can be due to onset of next period. So, we recommend to understand clearly about the signs of success implantation before you come to a conclusion.
Conductive vs Sensorineural Hearing Loss
There are two major categories of hearing loss that are key concepts for the clinician to understand. The first, conductive hearing loss, is due to an outer or middle ear problem a problem conducting sound waves through the ear canal to the eardrum and then through the middle ear apparatus toward the inner ear. Causes of conductive loss might include obstruction of the ear canal by cerumen wax , impairment of middle ear function by fluid, or fixation of the middle ear ossicles by disease. With...
How Large Is 5 Mm Polyp
D Instruments left to right for polyp retrieval normal polypectomy snare, grasping forceps, four-pronged grasping forceps, dormia basket. e Polyp trap device. The specimen bag is placed in the trap so that suctioned polyp fragments or small polyps remain hanging in the bag. The bag is cut open with scissors to retrieve the polyp fragments. f Polyp retrieval net. The net is placed over the working channel of the instrument and the polyp or polyp pieces are caught in the net. The polyps are...
New Diet Craze: I Gross You Out So Much That You Quit Eating Crappy, Disgusting Fast Food!
We've all heard the horror stories about gross, nasty things found in the food at some of the most popular fast food joints in the world fried mice, hair, severed finger in chili, condoms, chemicals, and many more some are actually myths, but many of them are 100 true I figured I'd take advantage of these disgusting tales of food filth, and introduce my new Grossed Out Food Diet Ok So, it's not a real diet, but at least it may help to persuade you from eating these unhealthy fast food choices...
Human Structure
When you have completed this section, you should be able to list the levels of human structure from the most complex to the simplest discuss the value of both reductionistic and holistic viewpoints to understanding human form and function and discuss the clinical significance of anatomical variation among humans. Earlier in this chapter, we observed that human anatomy is studied by a variety of techniques dissection, palpation, and so forth. In addition, anatomy is studied at several levels of...
Midsagittal Brain To Label
When seen from an inferior view, many different features can be seen on the brain. The frontal lobe is anterior and the temporal lobe and cerebellum are visible as well. The cerebellum has small folds called folia. The medulla oblongata is attached to the spinal cord and the pons is anterior to the medulla oblongata. Anterior to the pons are the mammillary bodies which are responsible for the olfactory smell reflex. The pituitary gland is next to the mammillary bodies. Anterior to the pituitary...
Osmolarity and Tonicity
The osmotic concentration of body fluids has such a great effect on cellular function that it is important to understand the units in which it is measured. One osmole is 1 mole of dissolved particles. If a solute does not ionize in water, then 1 mole of the solute yields 1 osmole osm of dissolved particles. A solution of 1 molar 1 M glucose, for example, is also 1 osm L. If a solute does ionize, it yields two or more dissolved particles in solution. A 1 M solution of NaCl, for example, contains...
Brainstem and diencephalon ventral view
The brainstem is the lowermost part of the brain and is located above the spinal cord. It can be seen by viewing the brain from below see Figure 15A also Figure OA and Figure OL . This specimen has been obtained by dissecting out the brainstem, and cerebellum, along with the diencephalon a photographic view of this specimen is shown in the next illustration Figure 7 . The dienceph-alon will be described subsequently see Figure 11 and Figure 12 . In the human brain, the brainstem is a relatively...
Cut Off Points For Ca125
Cancer antigen 125 is an antigenic determinant on a high molecular weight glycoprotein recognized by the murine monoclonal antibody OC125, which was raised using an ovarian cancer cell line as an immunogen Bast et al 1981 . It is expressed by amnion and coelomic epithelium during fetal development. In the adult, it is found in structures derived from coelomic epithelium the mesothelial cells of the pleura, pericardium and peritoneum and in tubal, endometrial and endocervical epithelium....
Neuronal Pools and Circuits
So far, we have dealt with interactions involving only two or three neurons at a time. Actually, neurons function in larger ensembles called neuronal pools, each of which consists of thousands to millions of interneurons concerned with a particular body function one to control the rhythm of your breathing, one to move your limbs rhythmically as you walk, one to regulate your sense of hunger, and another to interpret smells, for example. At this point, we explore a few ways in which neuronal...
Interactions Between the Respiratory System and Other Organ Systems
Indicates ways in which this system affects other systems indicates ways in which other systems affect this one The respiratory system serves all other systems by supplying O2, removing CO2, and maintaining acid-base balance Nasal guard hairs reduce inhalation of dust and other foreign matter Thoracic cage protects lungs movement of ribs produces pressure changes that ventilate lungs Skeletal muscles ventilate lungs, control position of larynx during swallowing, control vocal cords during...
Interactions Between the Urinary System and Other Organ Systems
Indicates ways in which this system affects other systems indicates ways in which other systems affect this one The urinary system serves all other systems by eliminating metabolic wastes and maintaining fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance Renal control of fluid balance essential for sweat secretion Epidermis is normally a barrier to fluid loss profuse sweating can lead to oliguria skin and kidneys collaborate in calcitriol synthesis Renal control of calcium and phosphate balance and role...
The Thoracic Cage
The thoracic cage fig. 8.27 consists of the thoracic vertebrae, sternum, and ribs. It forms a more or less conical enclosure for the lungs and heart and provides attachment for the pectoral girdle and upper limb. It has a broad base and a somewhat narrower superior apex it is rhythmically expanded by the respiratory muscles to create a vacuum that draws air into the lungs. The inferior border of the thoracic cage is formed by a downward arc of the ribs called the costal margin. The ribs protect...
Metaphyseal Cupping
Inward bulging of the metaphyseal profile Metaphyseal cupping occurs most commonly as a widespread defect in systemic diseases, such as metabolic disorders or skeletal dysplasias. However, involvement of a single metaphysis can also be observed, for example in children after focal injuries to the growth plate. Fractures extending across the epiphysis, the growth plate, and the metaphysis type II and type IV growth plate injury Salter and Harris 1963 may give rise, during the healing process,...
Stippled Epiphyses
Dense, punctate pattern of epiphyseal calcification This aberrant pattern of epiphyseal calcification, which is clearly different from the epiphyseal irregularities that represent normal developmental variations Swischuk and John 1995 , occurs most typically in chondrodysplasia punctata. Patterns vary among different types to some extent Theander and Pettersson 1978 . In chondrodysplasia punctata, rhi-zomelic type OMIM 215100 , punctate calcifications occur primarily in the hips and shoulders,...
The Discovery Of The Circulation Of The Blood
The Scientific Revolution is generally thought of in terms of the physical sciences, but by shifting the focus of concern from physics and astronomy to medicine and physiology, we can search for new ways of understanding and integrating science and medicine into the context of the political, religious, and social changes of this period. In the sixteenth century, as we have seen, anatomists and alchemists challenged ancient ideas about the nature of the microcosm, the little world of the human...
Sacral Agenesis
Sacral agenesis is a rare anomaly consisting of partial two-thirds of cases or total one-third of cases absence of the sacrum, often associated with absence of other segments of the lumbar spine. The defect is usually sporadic, and it is most commonly associated with maternal diabetes Stewart and Stoll 1979 Fig. 3.51 . Indeed, sacral agenesis is considered the most specific anomaly among the several sometimes seen in infants of diabetic mothers Dunn et al. 1981 . The association of partial or...
Abnormalities of the Sella Turcica
Variation in shape and or size of the sella turcica The sella turcica is a cup-shaped depression in the central basisphenoid bone, which contains the pituitary gland and inferior part of the infundibular stalk. The sellar floor is continuous anteriorly with the tuberculum sellae and posteriorly with the dor-sum sellae. The sella turcica is bordered superiorly by a dural mirror image, the diaphragma sellae, which separates the sella turcica from the suprasellar subarachnoid space. This space is...
What is Bentonite Clay?
As the name suggests, Bentonite Clay is just that Clay. So I'm eating clay to get better That's absurd Well, not really. Bentonite Clay has been used for a long time by natives and Indians to cure many diseases and health issues. Bentonite Clay has been used in many areas of alternative medicine, as a detoxifier.
Dual Action Cleanser Testimonials
Dual Action Cleanser is a popular colon cleanser that has been marketed a lot recently. I recently recieved a few testimonials of this product via E-Mail, and decided to share them with my visitors. If you want to contribute to the Dual action Cleanse reviews, feel free to email it to me. As an acne sufferer for many years, I have tried countless products to try and cure my acne - ProActiv, Differin, Tazorac, even Accutane.
Dual Action Cleanse Review
Dual Action Cleanse is a relatively new product. My good friend, Carol Jenkins (who's also a herbalist) bought it three months ago, and she was kind enough to submit reviews on how effective Dual Action Cleanse was in cleansing the colon. So here's her Dual Action Cleanse reviews Colonix and OxyPowder were 2 products I tried before, but I wanted to see if there was another product out there that was even more effective (I demand quality ) I also recently just came back from a trip to Beijing,...
Detox Baths for your Health
Colonics, enemas and salt water flushes are great things to do while colon cleansing to ensure all of our toxins are removed properly. We don't want ANY of these to circulate back into our body, causing even more harm. However, there are several other ways (cheaper too ) to make colon cleansing a much more effective process. One of them is detox baths. Why are detox baths such as an effective method of eliminating toxins Well, we all know our skin is the largest organ in our body.
Natural Laxatives
Read objective reviews of colon Learn more about how you cancleansing products before you buy get a flatter tummy and a cleaner colonPrune juice is one of the most common and readily available natural laxatives. Psylium husks are another option as they are high in soluble fibers. Remember to drink plenty of water The following are some foods you may want to try Avocadoes Almonds Aloe Vera Apple Juice Brewer's YeastBroccoli Cabbage Chicken germIf you have 3 or less bowel movements during a week...
Should You Buy Dr Natura?
Get Dr Natura For A Discount Let me read your mind The question on your mind is Does Colonix Work Should I consider getting it and doing a colon cleansing regimen Here is my Dr Natura Reviews. My Review I tried Dr Natura a couple of years ago as part of a comprehensive cleansing regimen. Most people, when they go on such a regimen would need to buy many products (maybe olive oil for liver flushing, herbs for parasite cleansing, etc).
Yeast Cleanse
Yeast, or Candida overgrowth is becoming an epidemic in the western world. The over growth of yeast in the body is generally caused from upsetting our body's natural balance, or a weakened immune system. It's only a problem when it gets out of control and becomes overgrown. There is a healthy amount of yeast in all of us, and this is good. Western medicine continues to ignore this problem because it's symptoms mimic many other conditions.
Thyroid Ticulitis
Fig. 8.14 Differentiating between diverticula and intestinal lumen. a Diverticular openings are round or oval, while intestinal lumen appears slitlike or half-moon shaped. Diverticula are located between haustral folds left half of image the folds converge in the luminal direction right half of image . Diverticular openings are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the colon. Fig. 8.14 Differentiating between diverticula and intestinal lumen. a Diverticular openings are round or oval, while...
Normal Cecum and Ileocecal Valve
The short segment of the colon between the appendix and the ileocecal valve is the cecum. Cecum. The short segment of the colon between the appendix and the ileocecal valve is the cecum. Fig. 6.30 Cecal pole. One of the tenia leading to the appendiceal orifice from about the 9-o'clock position . Note the distinct vascular pattern of the normal mucosa. Fig. 6.30 Cecal pole. One of the tenia leading to the appendiceal orifice from about the 9-o'clock position . Note the distinct vascular...
Positioning the Patient
Prior to colonoscopy, the patient should be supine for examination of the abdomen. In addition to general clinical examination procedures, special attention must be paid to any surgical scars and hernias inguinal, umbilical, or incisional hernias . At the beginning of the actual colonoscopy, the patient should be in the left lateral position, with his knees bent and pulled up. In this position, perianal inspection is possible, as is digital palpation and the insertion of the endoscope tip into...
Inspection and Palpation
The examination begins with an inspection of the perianal region. The patient should be in the left lateral position with his knees bent and pulled up. A simple inspection can detect skin changes, scars, anal skin tags, hemorrhoids, anal fissures, anal venous thromboses, fistula, injuries, or prolapse anal or rectal prolapse . Any findings must be noted later in the examination report. Figures 5.1, 5.2 show examples of pathologies detected during inspection. The diagnostic report...
Gluteal Asymmetry And Newborn
Palmar adduction cortical thumb in a normal infant. The thumbs are freely mobile but are held adducted and flexed across the palms with the fingers tightly clutched over them. Cortical thumbs are a manifestation of hypertonicity when they are present beyond the first 3 to 4 months. Constant palmar adduction or clasped thumb after this age would alert one to the possibility of central nervous system pathology. Clasped thumbs are held in a flexed and adducted position across the palm...
Musculoskeletal Disorders
Although some congenital musculoskeletal dysplasias are among the most obvious disorders of the neonate, they are also the most unusual. Congenital absence of all or part of a limb, deformities of the feet or hands, and lesions of the neck and trunk are rarely a diagnostic problem. The most common musculoskeletal dysplasias are among the most difficult to diagnose. Congenital hip dislocation may not be diagnosed even after repeated examination by experienced observers. Musculoskeletal...
Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis
Colonic diverticula are fingerlike outpouchings protruding outward from the intestinal lumen. True and pseudodiverticula. A distinction is made between true diverticula and pseudodiverticula. The seldom-occurring true diverticula are present at birth and usually only appear in the right hemicolon. Pseudodiverticula, which occur much more frequently, are acquired. They can be found anywhere in the colon, though they tend to appear in the left hemicolon. True diverticula are characterized by...
Stages in the Development of Iron Deficiency
As shown in Table 3.2, the appearance of iron deficiency requires a progressive sequence of stages before there is frank anemia. The first stage is negative iron balance during which there is more iron leaving the body than is coming in. If this state persists, there is a gradual loss of iron stores and that will be reflected in a fall in the serum ferritin. Throughout this period, iron is being mobilized to support hemoglobin synthesis and there are no changes in the serum iron and the percent...
Symptoms of Diverticulitis
Diverticulitis is a condition that some people experience from time to time and can become quite troublesome if it begins occurring on a regular basis. This condition can be defined as inflammation of an abnormal pouch that is located on the intestinal wall. Usually these pouches are going to be found in colon, also referred to as your large intestine. Once they have actually formed and are fully present, then the patient is diagnosed as having diverticulosis.
Normal Terminal Ileum
There is no consensus on whether inspecting the terminal ileum is a necessary part of every total colonos-copy. Intubation is often difficult and requires an experienced examiner. However, there are some patients in which pathologies are present only in the terminal ileum e.g., Crohn disease . And, for certain indications diarrhea, suspected chronic inflammatory bowel disease, unexplained gastrointestinal bleeding , examination of the terminal ileum is essential. At our center we therefore aim...
Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Abdominal aortic aneurysm AAA is a degenerative atherosclerotic condition characterized by progressive dilation of the abdominal aorta. In one-third to one-half of patients it expands and leads ultimately, if not managed appropriately, to rupture and exsanguination. The characteristic patient with an AAA is an elderly male with a smoking history such patients commonly are afflicted with coronary, cerebrovascular and other peripheral manifestations of atherosclerosis as well.1 All but 2 of such...
Indications and Contraindications
An assessment of the condition of the colonic mucosa is important where there are clinical indications of colitis, i. e., abdominal pain, diarrhea, malabsorption, perianal bleeding as a result of possible intestinal ischemia, inflammation, erosions and ulcers of various geneses, polyps and tumors, diverticula, or vascular malformations. Changes in bowel habits and an increasing tendency toward constipation are cause for performing an endoscopic search for a stricture in the...
Melanosis Coli
Melanosis coli presents as dark brown pigmentation of the mucosa that may have a zebra-striped or reticulated appearance. The pigment, which is actually not melanin, but rather lipo-fuscin, is deposited extracellularly in macrophages. Because the pigment is not melanin, this phenomenon is also correctly called pseudomelanosis coli. Mosaiclike brown mucosal coloration. Tiny polyps usually remain lighter in color. Mosaiclike brown mucosal coloration. Tiny polyps usually remain lighter in color....
Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome
Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome describes a solitary ulcer surrounded by normal appearing rectal mucosa. Patients present with tenesmus and a feeling of anal obstruction. Blood and mucus appear in stool. Using either a rigid rectoscope or a flexible sigmoidoscope the rectum should be inspected up to the rectosigmoid junction. An ulcer 0.5-2.0 cm in size can usually be found between 6 and 13 cm from the anus on the anterior rectal wall, surrounded by normal appearing mucosa. flat ulcer with...
Polyp Terminal Ileum
Polyps related to juvenile polyposis can occur in the entire digestive tract, or only in the colon where they mainly appear in the rectum. Their diameter measures 3-30 mm and they resemble solitary juvenile polyps. Given their smooth surface, juvenile polyps cannot be distinguished from adenomas macroscopically (0 9.13a-c) they also appear as diminutive polyps (H 9.13 d). Adenomas appearing at the same time as juvenile polyposis are considered precancerous and must be removed. Subtotal...
Assessing the Effectiveness of Screening Procedures
Decisions to initiate, modify, or terminate a community screening effort should be based on empirical evidence of actual or expected effectiveness. The effectiveness of a screening procedure or program is the improvement of health outcome that a prevention strategy can produce in typical community-based settings (Teutsch 1992). Actual effectiveness is determined by measuring the changes in health outcomes attributable to a program that has been implemented. Expected effectiveness is an estimate...
Colitis Endoscopy
- T 12.15 Pseudomembranous colitis - - T 12.15 Pseudomembranous colitis - a Initial plaque formation, shown here with reddish halo, evidence of underlying inflammation. a Initial plaque formation, shown here with reddish halo, evidence of underlying inflammation. c Smaller plaques, but already confluent. Yellowish plaques, medium grade sigmoid colon . e Massive confluent plaque formation, chronic course. f Massive confluent pseudomembranes that were so thick that stenosis was suspected in the...
The Colonoscopy Workstation
Layout and instrumentation in modern endoscopy units, where colonoscopy is performed under quality control, are designed according to normative standards, and also conduct regular hygiene checks. The design of the colonoscopy workstation should meet not only the requirements of an ergonomic examination procedure and a patient-friendly atmosphere, but also must comply with regulations concerning ventilation and installation of electrical equipment. Keeping dust, micro-organisms and odors to a...