Home | Applied and Environmental Microbiology

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The ASM Journals Committee Values the Contributions of Black Microbiologists Patrick D. Schloss, Melissa Junior, Rebecca Alvania, Cesar A. Arias, Andreas Baumler, Arturo Casadevall, Corrella Detweiler, Harold Drake, Jack Gilbert, Michael J. Imperiale, Susan Lovett, Stanley Maloy, Alexander J. McAdam, Irene L. G. Newton, Michael J. Sadowsky, Rozanne M. Sandri-Goldin, Thomas J. Silhavy, Peter Tontonoz, Jo-Anne H. Young, Craig E. Cameron, Isaac Cann, A. Oveta Fuller, Ariangela J. Kozik A Bacillus Spore-Based Display System for Bioremediation of Atrazine Atrazine is one of the most widely applied herbicides in the U.S. midwestern states. The long environmental half-life of atrazine has contributed to the contamination of surface water and groundwater by atrazine and its chlorinated metabolites. The toxic properties of ATR have raised public health and ecological concerns. However, remediation of ATR by conventional approaches has proven to be costly and inefficient. We developed a novel... Hsin-Yeh Hsieh, Chung-Ho Lin, Shu-Yu Hsu, George C. Stewart Fast and Facile Biodegradation of Polystyrene by the Gut Microbial Flora of Plesiophthalmus davidis Larvae PS is widely produced in the modern world, but it is robust against biodegradation. A few studies reported the biodegradation of PS, but most of them merely observed its weight loss; fewer were able to find its chemical modifications, which are rather direct evidence of biodegradation, by using limited organisms. Therefore, it is required to find an effective way to decompose PS using various kinds of organisms. Herein, we discovered a... Seongwook Woo, Intek Song, Hyung Joon Cha Methanol Production by “Methylacidiphilum fumariolicum” SolV under Different Growth Conditions The production of methanol, an important chemical, is completely dependent on natural gas. The current multistep chemical process uses high temperature and pressure to convert methane in natural gas to methanol. In this study, we used the methanotroph “Methylacidiphilum fumariolicum” SolV to achieve continuous methanol production from methane as the substrate. The production rate was highly dependent on the growth rate of this... Carmen Hogendoorn, Arjan Pol, Guylaine H. L. Nuijten, Huub J. M. Op den Camp Biotin Synthesis in Ralstonia eutropha H16 Utilizes Pimeloyl Coenzyme A and Can Be Regulated by the Amount of Acceptor Protein Ralstonia eutropha is applied in industry for the production of biopolymers and serves as a research platform for the production of diverse fine chemicals. Due to its ability to grow on hydrogen and carbon dioxide as the sole carbon and energy source, R. eutropha is often utilized for metabolic engineering to convert inexpensive resources into value-added... Jessica Eggers, Carl Simon Strittmatter, Kira Küsters, Emre Biller, Alexander Steinbüchel Multi-omic Directed Discovery of Cellulosomes, Polysaccharide Utilization Loci, and Lignocellulases from an Enriched Rumen Anaerobic Consortium The lignocellulolytic ERAC displays a unique set of plant polysaccharide-degrading enzymes (with multimodular characteristics), cellulosomal complexes, and PULs. The MAGs described here represent an expansion of the genetic content of rumen bacterial genomes dedicated to plant polysaccharide degradation, therefore providing a valuable resource for the development of biocatalytic toolbox strategies to be applied to lignocellulose-based... Geizecler Tomazetto, Agnes C. Pimentel, Daniel Wibberg, Neil Dixon, Fabio M. Squina Genomic Characteristics of a Novel Species of Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea from the Jiulong River Estuary In this study, AOA communities along a river in southern China were characterized, and metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of a novel AOA clade were also obtained. Based on the characterization of AOA genomes, the study suggests adaptation of the novel AOAs to estuarine environments, providing new information on the ecology of estuarine AOA and the nitrogen cycle in contaminated estuarine environments. Dayu Zou, Ru Wan, Lili Han, Min Nina Xu, Yang Liu, Hongbin Liu, Shuh-Ji Kao, Meng Li Mycoavidus sp. Strain B2-EB: Comparative Genomics Reveals Minimal Genomic Features Required by a Cultivable Burkholderiaceae-Related Endofungal Bacterium This study attempted the isolation of a novel endobacterium, Mycoavidus sp. B2-EB (JCM 33615), harbored in the fungal host Mortierella parvispora E1425 (JCM 39028). We report the complete genome sequence of this strain, which possesses a reduced genome size with relatively high genome completeness and a streamlined genome structure. The information indicates... Yong Guo, Yusuke Takashima, Yoshinori Sato, Kazuhiko Narisawa, Hiroyuki Ohta, Tomoyasu Nishizawa Effect of Chitosan Microparticles on the Uterine Microbiome of Dairy Cows with Metritis Third-generation cephalosporins, such as ceftiofur, are commonly used to treat metritis in dairy cows. Chitosan microparticles has been shown to have a broad spectrum of activity in vitro and to be effective against uterine pathogens in vivo; therefore, they have been hailed as a possible alternative to traditional antibiotics. Nonetheless, in the present study, we saw that chitosan microparticle treatment slowed the... Klibs N. Galvão, Eduardo B. de Oliveira, Federico Cunha, Rodolfo Daetz, Kristi Jones, Zhengxin Ma, Kwangcheol C. Jeong, Rodrigo C. Bicalho, Catherine H. Higgins, Marjory X. Rodrigues, Candelaria Gonzalez Moreno, Soojin Jeon Modeling the Inactivation of Viruses from the Coronaviridae Family in Response to Temperature and Relative Humidity in Suspensions or on Surfaces The prediction of the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 on fomites is essential in investigating the importance of contact transmission. This study collects available information on inactivation kinetics of coronaviruses in both solid and liquid fomites and creates a mathematical model for the impact of temperature and relative humidity on virus persistence. The predictions of the model can support more robust decision‐making and could be... Laurent Guillier, Sandra Martin-Latil, Estelle Chaix, Anne Thébault, Nicole Pavio, Sophie Le Poder, Christophe Batéjat, Fabrice Biot, Lionel Koch, Donald W. Schaffner, Moez Sanaa and on behalf of Covid-19 Emergency Collective Expert Appraisal Group Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide-Dependent Halogenase XanH and Engineering of Multifunctional Fusion Halogenases Halogenation is important in medicinal chemistry and plays an essential role in the biosynthesis of active secondary metabolites. Halogenases have evolved to catalyze reactions with high efficiency and selectivity, and engineering efforts have been made to engage the selective reactivity in natural product biosynthesis. The enzymatic halogenations are an environmentally friendly approach with high regio- and stereoselectivity, which... Lingxin Kong, Qing Wang, Zixin Deng, Delin You Both Handwashing and an Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizer Intervention Reduce Soil and Microbial Contamination on Farmworker Hands during Harvest, but Produce Type Matters This study demonstrated that the type of produce commodity handled influences the ability of handwashing with soap and water or a two-step alcohol-based hand sanitizer (ABHS) intervention to reduce soil and bacterial hand contamination. Handwashing with soap and water, as recommended by the FDA’s Produce Safety Rule, when tested in three agricultural environments, does not always reduce bacterial loads. Consistent with past results, we... Jessica L. Prince-Guerra, Molly E. Nace, Robert H. Lyles, Anna M. Fabiszewski de Aceituno, Faith E. Bartz, James W. Arbogast, Jennifer Gentry-Shields, Lee-Ann Jaykus, Norma Heredia, Santos García, Juan S. Leon Synbiotic Matchmaking in Lactobacillus plantarum: Substrate Screening and Gene-Trait Matching To Characterize Strain-Specific Carbohydrate Utilization Synbiotics combine prebiotics and probiotics to synergistically enhance the health benefits associated with these ingredients. Lactobacillus plantarum is encountered as a natural inhabitant of the gastrointestinal tract, and specific strains are marketed as probiotics based on their strain-specific health-promoting activities. Strain-specific stimulation of growth... Jori Fuhren, Christiane Rösch, Maud ten Napel, Henk A. Schols, Michiel Kleerebezem Editing of the Proteolytic System of Lactococcus lactis Increases Its Bioactive Potential Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are very important for the production of safe and healthy human and animal fermented foods and feed and, increasingly more, in the functional food industry. The intracellular peptidomes of LAB are promising reservoirs of bioactive peptides. We show here that targeted genetic engineering of the peptide degradation pathway allows steering the composition of the peptide pool of the LAB... Chenxi Huang, Jan Kok Heme Uptake in Lactobacillus sakei Evidenced by a New Energy Coupling Factor (ECF)-Like Transport System Lactobacillus sakei is a nonpathogenic bacterial species exhibiting high fitness in heme-rich environments such as meat products, although it does not need iron or heme for growth. Heme capture and utilization capacities are often associated with pathogenic species and are considered virulence-associated factors in the infected hosts. For these reasons, iron... Emilie Verplaetse, Gwenaëlle André-Leroux, Philippe Duhutrel, Gwendoline Coeuret, Stéphane Chaillou, Christina Nielsen-Leroux, Marie-Christine Champomier-Vergès The Streptomyces filipinensis Gamma-Butyrolactone System Reveals Novel Clues for Understanding the Control of Secondary Metabolism Streptomyces GBLs are important signaling molecules that trigger antibiotic production in a quorum sensing-dependent manner. We have characterized the GBL system from S. filipinensis, finding that two key players of this system, the GBL receptor and the pseudo-receptor, each counteracts the transcription of the other for the modulation of filipin production... Eva G. Barreales, Tamara D. Payero, Ester Jambrina, Jesús F. Aparicio Species-Specific Quorum Sensing Represses the Chitobiose Utilization Locus in Vibrio cholerae In nature, bacteria live in multicellular and multispecies communities. Microbial species can sense the density and composition of their community through chemical cues using a process called quorum sensing (QS). The marine pathogen Vibrio cholerae is found in communities on the chitinous shells of crustaceans in its aquatic reservoir.... Catherine A. Klancher, Jane D. Newman, Alyssa S. Ball, Julia C. van Kessel, Ankur B. Dalia The Phospholipid:Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase-Mediated Acyl-Coenzyme A-Independent Pathway Efficiently Diverts Fatty Acid Flux from Phospholipid into Triacylglycerol in Escherichia coli Although phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT) activity is presumed to exist in prokaryotic oleaginous bacteria, the corresponding gene has not been identified yet. In this article, we have demonstrated that an acyl-CoA-independent pathway can divert phospholipid flux into TAG formation in Escherichia coli mediated by exogenous CrPDAT from... Lian Wang, Shan Jiang, Wen-Chao Chen, Xue-Rong Zhou, Ting-Xuan Huang, Feng-Hong Huang, Xia Wan Enterococcus faecalis Maltodextrin Gene Regulation by Combined Action of Maltose Gene Regulator MalR and Pleiotropic Regulator CcpA Enterococcus faecalis represents a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections worldwide. Several studies highlighted the importance of carbohydrate metabolism in the infection process of this bacterium. The genes required for maltodextrin metabolism are particularly induced during mouse infection and, therefore, should play an important role for pathogenesis. Since... Maxime Grand, Eliette Riboulet-Bisson, Josef Deutscher, Axel Hartke, Nicolas Sauvageot SufR, a [4Fe-4S] Cluster-Containing Transcription Factor, Represses the sufRBDCSU Operon in Streptomyces avermitilis Iron-Sulfur Cluster Assembly Fe–S clusters function as cofactors of proteins controlling diverse biological processes, such as respiration, photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, DNA replication, and gene regulation. The mechanism of how Actinobacteria regulate the expression of the sole Fe-S cluster assembly system in response to the various Fe–S cluster demands remains to be elucidated. In this study, we showed that SufR functions as a transcriptional... Yaqing Cheng, Mengya Lyu, Renjun Yang, Ying Wen, Yuan Song, Jilun Li, Zhi Chen Biomineralization of Cu2S Nanoparticles by Geobacter sulfurreducens Dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria are ubiquitous in soils and aquifers and are known to utilize a wide range of metals as terminal electron acceptors. These transformations play an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of metals in pristine and contaminated environments and can be harnessed for bioremediation and metal bioprocessing purposes. However, relatively little is known about their interactions with Cu. As a trace... Richard L. Kimber, Heath Bagshaw, Kurt Smith, Dawn M. Buchanan, Victoria S. Coker, Jennifer S. Cavet, Jonathan R. Lloyd Rap-Phr Systems from Plasmids pAW63 and pHT8-1 Act Together To Regulate Sporulation in the Bacillus thuringiensis Serovar kurstaki HD73 Strain The life cycle of Bacillus thuringiensis in insect larvae is regulated by quorum-sensing systems of the RNPP family. After the toxemia caused by Cry insecticidal toxins, the sequential activation of these systems allows the bacterium to trigger first a state of virulence (regulated by PlcR-PapR) and then a necrotrophic lifestyle (regulated by NprR-NprX); ultimately,... Priscilla Cardoso, Fernanda Fazion, Stéphane Perchat, Christophe Buisson, Gislayne Vilas-Bôas, Didier Lereclus An In Vitro Model of Nonattached Biofilm-Like Bacterial Aggregates Based on Magnetic Levitation An increasing amount of evidence indicates that chronic infections are associated with nonattached biofilm-like aggregates formed by pathogenic bacteria. These aggregates differ from biofilms because they form under low-shear conditions within the volume of biological fluids and they do not attach to surfaces. Here, we describe an in vitro model that provides nonattached aggregate formation within the liquid volume due to... Pavel Domnin, Anastasiya Arkhipova, Stanislav Petrov, Elena Sysolyatina, Vladislav Parfenov, Pavel Karalkin, Andrey Mukhachev, Alexey Gusarov, Mikhail Moisenovich, Yusef Khesuani, Svetlana Ermolaeva MIST: a Multilocus Identification System for Trichoderma The genus Trichoderma is important to humankind, with a wide range of applications in industry, agriculture, and bioremediation. Thus, quick and accurate identification of Trichoderma species is paramount, since it is usually the first step in Trichoderma-based research. However, it frequently becomes a limitation, especially for researchers who lack taxonomic knowledge of fungi. Moreover, as the number of... Kai Dou, Zhixiang Lu, Qiong Wu, Mi Ni, Chuanjin Yu, Meng Wang, Yaqian Li, Xinhua Wang, Huilan Xie, Jie Chen, Chulong Zhang Strain Background, Species Frequency, and Environmental Conditions Are Important in Determining Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Population Dynamics and Species Coexistence Bacterial infections are frequently caused by more than one species, and such polymicrobial infections are often considered more virulent and more difficult to treat than the respective monospecies infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are among the most important pathogens in... Selina Niggli, Rolf Kümmerli Seasonality and Community Separation of Fungi in a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant Fungi are important contributors to the various functions of activated sludge in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Unlike previous studies, this work demonstrated the seasonality of the fungal community over a longer time span while it also systematically assessed the contributions of abundant, conditionally rare, and rare taxa to the whole community. Importantly, in the present study, we considered sludge flocs of a certain size... Shaoqing Zhang, Fuqiang Fan, Fangang Meng Oral or Topical Exposure to Glyphosate in Herbicide Formulation Impacts the Gut Microbiota and Survival Rates of Honey Bees The honey bee gut microbial community plays a vital role in immune response and defense against opportunistic pathogens. Environmental stressors, such as the herbicide glyphosate, may affect the gut microbiota, with negative consequences for bee health. Glyphosate is usually sprayed in the field mixed with adjuvants, which enhance herbicidal activity. These adjuvants may also enhance undesired effects in nontargeted organisms. This... Erick V. S. Motta, Myra Mak, Tyler K. De Jong, J. Elijah Powell, Angela O'Donnell, Kristin J. Suhr, Ian M. Riddington, Nancy A. Moran Photoheterotrophic Assimilation of Valerate and Associated Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production by Rhodospirillum rubrum The use and the littering of plastics represent major issues that humanity has to face. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are good candidates for the replacement of oil-based plastics, as they exhibit comparable physicochemical properties but are biobased and biodegradable. However, the current industrial production of PHAs is curbed by the production costs, which are mainly linked to the carbon source. Volatile fatty acids issued from the... Guillaume Bayon-Vicente, Sarah Zarbo, Adam Deutschbauer, Ruddy Wattiez, Baptiste Leroy Cooperation between Broussonetia papyrifera and Its Symbiotic Fungal Community To Improve Local Adaptation of the Host The coevolution of plants with the associated fungal community and its effect on plant adaptability are not clear, especially for native trees. This study focuses on the genetic basis of local adaptation in plants and the effect of genetic divergence of Broussonetia papyrifera on the associated fungal community. We identified genes related to the microbiome that are important for local adaptation of the host. Our results show... Peilin Chen, Yanmin Hu, Feng Tang, Meiling Zhao, Xianjun Peng, Shihua Shen Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii NodD2 Enhances Competitive Nodule Colonization in the Clover-Rhizobium Symbiosis Establishment of the rhizobium-legume symbiosis requires a highly specific and complex signal exchange between both participants. Rhizobia perceive legume flavonoid compounds through LysR-type NodD regulators. Often, rhizobia encode multiple copies of nodD, which is one determinant of host specificity. In some species of rhizobia, the presence of multiple copies of NodD extends their symbiotic host-range. Here, we identified... Shaun Ferguson, Anthony S. Major, John T. Sullivan, Scott D. Bourke, Simon J. Kelly, Benjamin J. Perry, Clive W. Ronson Vaginal Tampon Colonization by Staphylococcus aureus in Healthy Women Menstrual toxic shock syndrome (MTSS) is an uncommon severe acute disease that occurs in healthy menstruating women colonized by TSST-1-producing S. aureus who use intravaginal protection, such as tampons and menstrual cups. The catamenial product collected by the protection serves as a growth medium for S... Myriam Chiaruzzi, Alexia Barbry, Anaëlle Muggeo, Anne Tristan, Isaline Jacquemond, Cedric Badiou, Laurence Cluzeau, Sabine Bourdeau, Thibaut Durand, Astrid Engelmann, Dorian Bosquet, Michèle Bes, Claire Prigent-Combaret, Jean Thioulouse, Daniel Muller, Gérard LinaApplied and Environmental Microbiology (AEM) publishes study results that make significant contributions to applied microbial research, basic microbial ecology research, and genetic and molecular investigations of microbial topics of practical value.For Authors

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