Chemistry Help | Wyzant Resources

Time 2020-12-31 01:04:23

Web Name: Chemistry Help | Wyzant Resources

WebSite: http://chemtutor.com

ID:151448

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In our chemistry help section, you'll find a broad range of topics from very basic chemistry all the way through some more advanced organic chemistry topics. Browse our chemistry topics below, or contact one of our chemistry tutors for private help.HeuristicsBefore you get into the other topics, learning HOW to learn chemistry is a great place to start, and this section will help.Numbers and Math OperationsWhat math do you need know for chemistry? This section illuminates those specific operations.Units, Measures, & DimensionsTake a look at all the various types of measures and units you need to understand chemistry.Atomic StructureNeed to understand how atoms are structured? Get started here.The Periodic TableAlmost everyone has heard of the periodic table, but do you know how to read it? This section gives you a thoroughhistory of the periodic table, and explains how elements are divided and grouped in the table.ElementsTake a deep dive on every element on the periodic table.SolutionsMixtures and solutions may seem to have a lot in common, but they're actually very different. Find out more here.States of MatterMatter has a variety of different states, ranging from gases to solids. Learn more about them in this section.CompoundsWhat are the different bonds and how do you create a compound? Get some clarity in this thorough section.ReactionsLet's learn more about writing simple chemical equations and types of reactions. We cover a lot of ground here.Moles and PercentsWhat are moles and why do we need them? No, not the animal - although those are great too!Basic StoichiometryWhat is stoichiometry and what forms does it take? This section goes into detail.Redox and ElectroplatingLet's go further into electrochemistry and redox reactions.GasesWhat are gases and the laws that govern them? We take a look here.Acids and BasesWhat makes an acid or a base weak or strong? What are acids and bases in the first place? Let's dig in.Polyatomic IonsPolyatomic ions are ions with many atoms; they contain more than one element. They are charged just like regular ions; for example, an ion looks like this: Cl-, while a polyatomic ion looks like this: ClO3-. While the chloride ion only contains one element - chlorine - the chlorate ion contains both chlorine and oxygen. Read this lesson for examples of other commonly known polyatomic ions.ElectronegativityElectronegativity is a property of atoms that has to do with the tendency to attract electrons from another atom to form an ionic bond. Electronegativity is measured using the Pauling scale, which was instated by Linus Pauling. Read this lesson to find out all about electronegativity!Endothermic and Exothermic ReactionsAll reactions can be classified as endothermic (storing energy) or exothermic (releasing energy). This lesson reviews the ways in which reactions store and give off energy, including items like heat, light, and mechanical energy. Once you've read this lesson, test yourself with a quick practice quiz to review the endothermic and exothermic concepts.HydrolysisHydrolysis occurs when one adds water to a compound, which causes the compound to break apart into a cation and an anion. Then, water can bond chemically with the substance, changing its chemical form.These reactions often take place when ionic compounds dissolve in water. Read on to learn more about the process of hydrolysis!Dynamic EquilibriumWhen a reaction is in a state of dynamic equilibrium, the reaction is reversible. This means that, to maintain equilibrium, the products break apart to form the reactants. Read this lesson for more information on dynamic equilibrium!EnthalpyEnthalpy is a state function that is measured in kilojoules per mole. Enthalpy is abbreviated as H in the Gibbs free energy equation: G = H - TS. Enthalpy can help an observer discern whether a reaction is endothermic or exothermic based on the enthalpy having a positive or negative value. Read on to find out more about enthalpy!EntropyLike enthalpy, entropy is also a state function that is defined as S, or Sf - Si. It is a spontaneous reaction that occurs naturally. Entropy measures the disorder of a system. Read this lesson to learn more about entropy! Mass SpectrometryMass spectrometry is used to experimentally determine the molecular weight of a sample by ionizing a molecule and passing it through electrical and magnetic fields. The observer would then note how the ionized compound responds, which correlates with the molecular weight in a quantifiable way. Read on to learn more about the intricate process of mass spectrometry! Hess's LawHess's law is much like solving a puzzle using the change in entropy of a reaction. The result is that one can tell the change in energy (in kJ/mol) of a reaction. Hess's law requires a balanced equation with proper coefficients. Read on for more advice on implementing Hess's law!Born-Haber CycleThe Born-Haber cycle is a series of chemical processes that are used to calculate the lattice energy of ionic solids. The Born-Haber cycle can be thought of as a special case of Hess's law. Read on for a definition of lattice energy as well as examples of how the Born-Haber cycle is used to calculate lattice energy.BondsThis page identifies different types of bonds, including covalent, polar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen. It explains how to draw compound structures by counting electrons and placing bonds accordingly. The Octet and Duet rules are also explained here.Electron ConfigurationThis page details how electrons are arranged in an atom, including information about the orbitals (s, p, d, and f) and how to easily tell which orbital an electron is in. You’ll also learn about the diagonal rule and electron spin.Electron DelocalizationElectron delocalization can be really confusing! In order to understand this concept, one must learn about resonance, bonding, and aromaticity. Read on for more information about electron delocalization!Aufbau PrincipleThe Aufbau principle describes how electrons fill energy levels in an atom. In order to write the electron configuration of an atom, one must know how the subshells fill. Using the diagonal rule will certainly help with this process. Read on for more information about the Aufbau principle. Orbital HybridizationHybridization occurs when two atomic orbitals combine to form one hybrid orbital. One of the more common types of hybridization is sp3 hybridization, which is described in detail in this lesson. Read on for more detailed information on the intricacies of electron orbitals. ElectrolysisElectrolysis occurs in electrolytic cells when an electrical current causes a nonspontaneous oxidation-reduction reaction. This lesson describes how electrolysis is used, including extracting pure metals from the Earth's crust. Read on for more information on the process of electrolysis!Voltaic CellsVoltaic cells use chemical energy to do electrical work. A redox reaction occurs, and the electrons are forced through an electrical circuit. Read on to find out the specifics on how voltaic cells power electrical processes!Radiation ChemistryThe study of nuclear reactions is called radiation chemistry. A nuclear reaction involves the nucleus of an atom. These types of processes were first discovered by Marie Curie in the late 1800s. Read on for more details about radiation chemistry!Introduction to Organic ChemistryIntroduces carbon structures and interactions between molecules. Basic vocabulary and ideas are introduced concerning alcohols and hydrocarbons. Combustion of a hydrocarbon is also discussed briefly.Alkanes and AlkenesAlkanes and alkenes are both hydrocarbons that follow the standard nomenclature procedures. Learn whether alkanes and alkenes are saturated or unsaturated, which is more reactive, and how to name a compound by looking at its structure in this lesson.Aromatic Electrophilic Substitutions (EArS Reactions)When aromatic compounds undergo reactions with electrophiles, a substitution reaction occurs. This reaction is known as an electrophilic aromatic substitution (EArS or EAS) reaction. Read on for an in-depth description of how these reactions occur!HalogenoalkanesHalogenoalkanes are exciting because, compared to alkanes, they are very highly reactive when paired with nucleophiles or bases. Halogenoalkanes are also SP3 hybridized. Read this lesson to find out more information on halogenoalkanes!Carbonyl Condensation ReactionsA carbonyl condensation reaction occurs between two carbonyl partners and involve nucleophilic addition and substitution. This lesson also covers aldol condensation as well as the Robinson annulation reaction. Read on for more details about these chemical processes.Elimination ReactionsAn elimination reaction occurs when a starting product breaks down into two new products that contain all the atoms of the original reactant. There are two types: E1 and E2. Read this lesson for more information about elimination reactions.Nucleophilic Substitution ReactionsNucleophilic substitution reactions occur when a nucleophile interacts with an electrophile. Read this lesson for a step by step explanation of what happens during a nucleophilic substitution reaction. SN1SN2This lesson also covers nucleophilic substitution including the SN1 and SN2 mechanisms. Effects on kinetic rate, alkyl group, and more are discussed in this lesson.Cyclohexane RingsBecause many students cannot and do not draw organic structures correctly, one of our most prominent chemistry tutors took the time to explain how to draw cyclohexane rings in great detail. She even shows more than one way to get a perfect drawing of this ring. Read the lesson to find out how to draw these rings correctly!StereoisomersStereoisomers are a category of isomers. Learn about the different categories of isomers in this lesson, and how you will study stereoisomers in chemistry and biochemistry.Content in this section of Wyzant Lessons has been curated by tutors, as well as by Chemtutor.com creator David Wilner.David Wilner is a native of Georgia, USA, born just before the end of WWII. Mr. Wilner is happiest when he is explaining things in science (pontificating), so it is natural that he has been a science teacher in high school and a teacher of chemistry at Georgia Perimeter College. Still need help after using our chemistry resources? Use our service to find a chemistry tutor. Sign up for free to access more Science resources like . Wyzant Resources features blogs, videos, lessons, and more about Science and over 250 other subjects. Stop struggling and start learning today with thousands of free resources!

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