Home | Infection and Immunity

Time 2020-09-14 03:02:48

Web Name: Home | Infection and Immunity

WebSite: http://iai.asm.org

ID:45728

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Infection,Home,Immunity,

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Neural Immune Communication in the Control of Host-Bacterial Pathogen Interactions in the Gastrointestinal Tract The orchestration of host immune responses to enteric bacterial pathogens is a complex process involving the integration of numerous signals, including from the nervous system. Despite the recent progress in understanding the contribution of neuroimmune interactions in the regulation of inflammation, the mechanisms and effects of this communication during enteric bacterial infection are only beginning to be characterized. As part of... Valerie Ramirez, Samantha Swain, Kaitlin Murray, Colin Reardon Can the Cecal Ligation and Puncture Model Be Repurposed To Better Inform Therapy in Human Sepsis? A recent report by the National Institutes of Health on sepsis research has implied there is a trend to move away from mouse models of sepsis. The most commonly used animal model to study the pathogenesis of human sepsis is cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in mice. The model has been the mainstay of sepsis research for decades and continues to be considered the gold standard to inform novel pathways of sepsis physiology and its... John C. Alverdy, Robert Keskey, Renee Thewissen The Ethanolamine-Sensing Transcription Factor EutR Promotes Virulence and Transmission during Citrobacter rodentium Intestinal Infection Enteric pathogens exploit chemical and nutrient signaling to gauge their location within a host and control expression of traits important for infection. Ethanolamine-containing molecules are essential in host physiology and play important roles in intestinal processes. The transcription factor EutR is conserved in the Enterobacteriaceae and is required for ethanolamine sensing and metabolism. In enterohemorrhagic... Carol A. Rowley, Amber B. Sauder, Melissa M. Kendall A Small Membrane Stabilizing Protein Critical to the Pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen, and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains is making all types of S. aureus infections more challenging to treat. With a pressing need to develop alternative control strategies to use alongside or in place of conventional antibiotics, one... Seána Duggan, Maisem Laabei, Alaa Abdulaziz Alnahari, Eóin C. O’Brien, Keenan A. Lacey, Leann Bacon, Kate Heesom, Chih-Lung Fu, Michael Otto, Eric Skaar, Rachel M. McLoughlin, Ruth C. Massey Differential Interactions of Serum and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Complement Proteins with Conidia of Airborne Fungal Pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus Even though both cellular and humoral immunities contribute to host defense, the role played by humoral immunity against the airborne opportunistic fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus has been underexplored. In this study, we aimed at deciphering the role of the complement system, the major humoral immune component, against... Sarah Sze Wah Wong, Irene Daniel, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Jeya Maheshwari Jayapal, Hélène Guegan, Sarah Dellière, Prajna Lalitha, Rajashri Shende, Taruna Madan, Jagadeesh Bayry, J. Iñaki Guijarro, Dharmalingam Kuppamuthu, Vishukumar Aimanianda Aggregative Adherence Fimbriae II of Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli Are Required for Adherence and Barrier Disruption during Infection of Human Colonoids Symptomatic and asymptomatic infection with the diarrheal pathogen enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is associated with growth faltering in children in developing settings. The mechanism of this association is unknown, emphasizing a need for better understanding of the interactions between EAEC and the human gastrointestinal mucosa. In this study, we... Laura A. Gonyar, Rachel M. Smith, Jorge A. Giron, Nicholas C. Zachos, Fernando Ruiz-Perez, James P. Nataro Scnn1b-Transgenic BALB/c Mice as a Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections of the Cystic Fibrosis Lung The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for much of the morbidity and mortality associated with cystic fibrosis (CF), a condition that predisposes patients to chronic lung infections. P. aeruginosa lung infections are difficult to treat because... Kristen J. Brao, Brendan P. Wille, Joshua Lieberman, Robert K. Ernst, Mark E. Shirtliff, Janette M. Harro Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Type IV Pilus Mediates Augmented Adherence to Rhinovirus-Infected Human Airway Epithelial Cells Human rhinovirus (hRV) is frequently detected in the upper respiratory tract, and symptomatic infection is associated with an increased nasopharyngeal bacterial load, with subsequent development of secondary bacterial diseases. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) is a commensal bacterial species of the human nasopharynx; however, in the context of prior or... Stephen L. Toone, Michelle Ratkiewicz, Laura A. Novotny, Binh L. Phong, Lauren O. Bakaletz Distinct Morphological Fates of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Intracellular Bacterial Communities: Dependency on Urine Composition and pH Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the leading cause of urinary tract infections. These bacteria undertake a multistage infection cycle involving invasion of and proliferation within urinary tract epithelial cells, leading to the rupture of the host cell and dispersal of the bacteria, some of which have a highly filamentous morphology. Here, we established a... Gregory Iosifidis, Iain G. Duggin The Ubiquitin-Modifying Enzyme A20 Terminates C-Type Lectin Receptor Signals and Is a Suppressor of Host Defense against Systemic Fungal Infection C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) play key roles in antifungal defense. CLR-induced NF-κB is central to CLR functions in immunity, and thus, molecules that control the amplitude of CLR-induced NF-κB could profoundly influence host defense against fungal pathogens. However, little is known about the mechanisms that negatively regulate CLR-induced NF-κB, and molecules which act on the CLR family broadly and which directly regulate acute CLR-... Jie Liang, Junyi J. Zhang, Hsin-I Huang, Masashi Kanayama, Nourhan Youssef, Yingai J. Jin, Estefany Y. Reyes, Clare L. Abram, Shigao Yang, Clifford A. Lowell, Donghai Wang, Ling Shao, Mari L. Shinohara, Jennifer Y. Zhang, Gianna Elena Hammer A 20-Mer Peptide Derived from the Lectin Domain of SP-A2 Decreases Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Production during Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection Human surfactant protein-A2 (hSP-A2) is a component of pulmonary surfactant that plays an important role in the lung’s immune system by interacting with viruses, bacteria, and fungi to facilitate pathogen clearance and by downregulating inflammatory responses after an allergic challenge. Genetic variation in SP-A2 at position Gln223Lys is present in up to ∼30% of the population and has been associated with several lung diseases, such as... Usir S. Younis, Hong Wei Chu, Monica Kraft, Julie G. Ledford Human Fallopian Tube Epithelial Cell Culture Model To Study Host Responses to Chlamydia trachomatis Infection Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the human fallopian tubes can lead to damaging inflammation and scarring, ultimately resulting in infertility. To study the human cellular responses to chlamydial infection, researchers have frequently used transformed cell lines that can have limited translational relevance. We developed a primary human fallopian tube epithelial... Bryan E. McQueen, Amy Kiatthanapaiboon, M. Leslie Fulcher, Mariam Lam, Kate Patton, Emily Powell, Avinash Kollipara, Victoria Madden, Robert J. Suchland, Priscilla Wyrick, Catherine M. O’Connell, Boris Reidel, Mehmet Kesimer, Scott H. Randell, Toni Darville, Uma M. Nagarajan Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome by Particles from the Echinococcus granulosus Laminated Layer The interaction of dendritic cells and macrophages with a variety of rigid noncellular particles triggers activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and consequent secretion of interleukin 1β (IL-1β). Noncellular particles can also be generated in the context of helminth infection, since these large pathogens often shed their outermost structures during growth and/or molting. One such structure is the massive, mucin-based, soft, flexible... Cecilia Casaravilla, Álvaro Pittini, Dominik Rückerl, Judith E. Allen, Álvaro DíazInfection and Immunity (IAI) reports key discoveries that help microbiologists, immunologists, epidemiologists, pathologists, and clinicians to gain new insights into the underlying mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions and develop novel strategies to prevent or treat infectious diseases.For Authors

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